competing risk

In active surveillance of prostate cancer, cancer progression is interval-censored and the examination to detect progression is subject to misclassification, usually false negatives. Meanwhile, patients may initiate early treatment before progression …

Active surveillance (AS), where biopsies are conducted to detect cancer progression, has been acknowledged as an efficient way to reduce the overtreatment of prostate cancer. Most AS cohorts use fixed biopsy schedules for all patients. However, the …